This year marks the 70^th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the 40^th anniversary of reform and opening up. Looking back, China has considered the right to subsistence and development as primary fundamental human rights during its promotion of human rights protection and the all-round development of the people. After the introduction of inclusive finance and its transformation to suit the local condition, China has combined the mode of inclusive finance represented by micro-finance with poverty alleviation policies and set up the mode of poverty alleviation micro-finance with Chinese characteristics. With micro-finance service for poverty alleviation, poverty-stricken people in rural areas could participate in financial activities and share financial resources. As a result, poverty-stricken people are turned from passive “recipients” suffering from “financial exclusion” into “participants” of financial services and “promoter” of social development. It has played an essential role in protecting the right to subsistence and right to development of the poverty-stricken population in rural areas and promoting the all-round development of the people as well as the progress of human rights cause.