A good ecological environment is not only the most inclusive people's well-being but also an important sort of public goods. Environmental rights refer to citizens' rights to life and health involved in the environment, and rights to supervision, participation and right to know as well as related rights of relief in the field of environment. The Chinese government is always attaching importance to the protection of citizens' environmental rights and adopts various positive measures to protect the ecological environment and achieve sustainable development. In March 2018, the first meeting of the 13^th National People's Congress passed a constitutional amendment to write “Construction of Ecological Civilization” into the Constitution; besides, the 19^th CPC National Congress has also promoted environmental protection to an unprecedented strategic level. Inspection of environmental protection is one of the major reforms and institutional innovations of China's environmental supervision model. It is also the core institutional arrangement to accelerate the construction of ecological civilization and implement the co-responsibility of the party and government in environmental protection2706320. It will solve the prominent environmental problems affecting people's livelihood, urge the local party committee and government to fulfill the main body responsibility of environmental protection, and promote the implementation of ecological civilization construction and environmental protection work in the inspected areas through careful investigation, an admonishment to key targets, rectification within a prescribed time limit and strengthening of accountability2706321, thus it plays an important role in promoting China's environmental protection work.