The Chinese government started to implement poverty alleviation strategies in an organized way in 1986 so as to offset the insufficiency rate at which poverty was declining. In the early 1990’s，China started to implement the “Eight-Seven”National Poverty Alleviation Program（using seven years to address poverty problem of 80 million people）. These programs played a significant role in promoting the national endeavor for poverty alleviation. For sometime，this efficiency-oriented poverty alleviation model，with “regional development”as the target，has been commented on by many scholars. The accuracy of targeting poverty alleviations funds（PAF）is generally poor with high rates of targeting deviation，funds allocation is also severely behind schedule and has a low efficiency. The loan repayment rate is low and poverty reocurrence is high. Furthermore，support is often given to the rich instead of the poor and the phenomenon of the“will of the officialdom”and rent-seeking by officials is severe. These have become the major problems facing poverty alleviation efforts in the country. The study of poverty has become the key issue of concerning all experts，scholars and researchers who are currently involved in issues around agriculture，rural areas and farmers as well as social development.