How to develop ecotourism is not only a global issue，but also a choice China has to make. Considering the trends of over-extended ecotourism development and arguments for and against protectionism，the author of this paper analyzes two major questions：To conserve the environment without any active actions or to protect it with effective measures？Is it mass tourism or special interest tourism to develop ecotourism with or without regulations？This paper is aimed to offer analyses for choices at present and in the future，so as to improve the effective preservation and the healthy development of tourism industry. This paper is submitted to “2002 China Ecotourism Forum”.