中国经济高质量发展报告（2022）
中文摘要
党的十八大以来，我国生态文明建设取得重大进展，绿色发展理念深入人心，人与自然和谐共生成为新时代坚持和发展中国特色社会主义基本方略的重要组成部分，探索出一条以生态优先、绿色发展为导向的高质量发展新路已成为社会各界的共识。随着“十四五”规划的全面展开，各部门各地区对绿色发展的推动逐渐深入，特别是“双碳”目标的提出，为我国践行绿色低碳发展进一步明确了时间表。在这样的背景下，对全国和各地区绿色发展水平进行量化评估、分析总结就显得日益迫切，基于量化评估分析结果对未来推动绿色发展提出相应的政策建议就具有重要的理论和现实意义。本年度的高质量发展蓝皮书以绿色发展为主题，通过总报告以及产业篇、区域篇、专题篇和政策篇五部分，全面而富有建设性地评价当前我国经济绿色发展水平，并提出相关政策建议。
总报告以习近平生态文明思想为指导，构建符合“生态优先、绿色发展”导向的新时代中国经济绿色发展指数，并对全国和各地区绿色发展水平进行测算。研究发现，2021年，中国经济绿色发展指数从“十三五”初期的53.03提高到70.12，二级指数中可持续发展指数从29.66提高到52.65，资源利用指数从76.38提高到85.71，环境保护指数从60.83提高到77.82。发达地区的绿色发展水平总体上高于欠发达地区，在资源利用和环境保护方面的优势较为明显，但两者差距呈现缩小趋势。西部地区的可持续发展水平总体高于中、东部地区。未来推进绿色发展，应在进一步提高资源利用效率和加强环境保护的基础上，着力强化可持续发展能力建设。发达地区应加快能源结构调整，并促进生态系统价值发挥。欠发达地区应加快产业结构转型步伐，加强对绿色技术的运用以创造新的经济增长点。
分报告由产业篇、区域篇、专题篇和政策篇组成，从不同角度对2021年及“十三五”期间中国经济绿色发展取得的成就和存在的问题进行分析和展望，并提出相应的政策建议。其中，产业篇分别对制造业、电力行业、建筑业、交通运输业和节能环保产业绿色发展的情况进行分析和展望；区域篇分别对黄河上游生态保护和高质量发展、长江经济带生态优先绿色发展、国家生态文明试验区建设的进展进行分析和展望，对全国资源节约型和环境友好型社会建设综合配套改革试验区建设进行了总结和展望。专题篇分别对能源结构调整问题、绿色低碳技术发展问题、绿色供应链建设问题、数字经济助力绿色发展问题和全球绿色发展问题进行了分析和展望。政策篇分别对碳达峰碳中和目标下传统能源行业绿色低碳转型发展、“双碳”目标下电力行业高质量发展、绿色财税信贷政策、碳排放权交易市场建设、生态经济体系建设、绿色生活创建行动进行了分析和展望。本书的最后对新中国成立以来中国经济绿色发展重要事件进行了梳理回顾。
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