中国大运河发展报告（2025）
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中文摘要
自申遗成功以来，中国大运河以“文明纽带”为定位，实现了三重历史性跨越：从单一遗产保护转向文化、生态、经济的多维协同；从“地理轴线”升级为贯通古今的文化传播载体；从传统管理模式演进为科技赋能的智慧治理体系。2023～2024年作为承前启后的关键期，以“文明再发现、价值再创造、功能再激活”为主线，推动大运河实现高质量发展。
大运河从古代的水利枢纽演变为现代文化载体，推动着文明互鉴。面对保护挑战和治理需求，需重构认知体系，推动政策优化和文旅融合。作为国家水运网络核心组成部分，江苏段通过升级基础设施和应用生态技术提升航运效能，同时深化区域协同和可持续发展。科技赋能下的文旅融合，通过沉浸式体验激活历史，实现文化价值转化。这些实践延续了运河精神，构建了本土文化与国际话语体系的传播范式，为世界文化遗产保护贡献了中国智慧。
作为国家推进实施的重大文化工程的大运河国家文化公园建设，在顶层设计和地方推进下取得进展，政策体系完善，生态文旅融合成效显著，文化遗产创新活力迸发。面对区域协调不足、文化内涵阐释深度不够、公众参与机制有待优化等挑战，需通过强化跨域联动等，推动运河体系整体价值提升。以北京通州为例，其探索“动态共生”保护范式，通过管理机制革新、文化传播升级与公众参与深化，将“和合共生”理念融入建设，为遗产活化、区域协同与国际对话提供示范路径，彰显大运河从地理工程向文明载体的时代转型。
大运河作为复合型文化载体，其价值转化呈现创新态势。文化遗产教育中，研学课程基于遗产廊道理论，整合资源构建系统认知框架，促进文化资源向育人载体转型。非遗保护方面，建立科学评估体系，揭示核心要素，为活化利用提供量化支持。文旅融合探索依托共生理论，通过产业生态重构与科技赋能，形成“数字+文化”的创新发展模式，数字经济推动传统遗产融入现代消费。学术研究转向跨学科方法并结合田野实践，聚焦活态传承与公众参与，彰显文化遗产在当代社会可持续发展中的多维价值。
大运河多式联运体系建设是现代物流网络优化的核心引擎，江苏和山东济宁通过区域协同和模式创新，推动了基础设施互联和运输结构升级。两地实践证明了多式联运在降本增效和低碳发展中的价值，形成了“运河范式”，即通过运输方式创新和产业链重构，实现历史航道与现代物流的深度融合，为交通强国建设提供切实可行的路径。
中国大运河以文化保护与功能转型为核心，通过国家文化公园“一轴多区”布局活化遗产资源，文旅融合借助数字技术重塑消费场景，多式联运体系联动绿色航运技术驱动区域经济提质增效。区域实践显示，文化基因解码与生态治理形成“保护—开发”良性循环，政策创新与科技赋能推动运河从“地理轴线”升维为全球文明互鉴的符号，为线性遗产的现代转型贡献融合文化价值、生态治理与产业升级的中国方案。
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