全球绿色金融发展报告（2025）
书 名： 全球绿色金融发展报告（2025）
英 文 名： ANNUAL REPORT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL GREEN FINANCE （2025）
作 者： 王遥 王雅琦 著
I S B N： 978-7-5228-6281-1
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出版时间： 2025年12月
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中文摘要
2024年，气候变化与可持续发展仍是全球治理核心议题。气候危机加速推动绿色低碳经济成为高质量发展的引擎，全球资金缺口凸显发展绿色金融、引导资本流向可持续领域的紧迫性。尽管各国不断完善本国体系，但全球范围内仍缺乏系统、持续且具可比性的绿色金融研究框架。为弥补这一不足，中央财经大学绿色金融国际研究院课题组自2020年起，在国际金融论坛的支持下，构建了覆盖全球前50大经济体的绿色金融数据库，并编制“全球绿色金融发展指数”（GGFDI），从政策与战略、市场与产品、国际合作三大维度系统评估各国绿色金融发展水平。
研究显示，2024年全球绿色金融总体呈现“政策强化、市场扩容、合作深化”的格局。法国、德国、中国、澳大利亚、瑞士、英国、荷兰、新加坡、日本和加拿大表现突出；巴西、印度、阿联酋、越南等新兴经济体的绿色债券、碳市场和气候投融资快速增长。发达国家凭借成熟的经济体系与完善的金融市场保持领先，中国作为唯一进入前十的发展中国家，形成“政策驱动+市场规模”双重优势，构建了涵盖债券、信贷、保险、基金及碳市场的多层次绿色金融体系。与此同时，国际合作的广度不断拓展、深度显著提升，全球政策协调、标准互认与能力建设不断加强，为缓解标准碎片化、融资不均衡与技术差距等问题提供了制度化路径。
专题研究进一步揭示了绿色金融在特定领域的创新方向。《小岛屿发展中国家气候韧性融资报告》指出，应通过制度改革与多元融资工具增强脆弱经济体的适应能力，构建更公平高效的气候融资体系。《绿色金融支持东南亚可持续林业发展报告》研究发现，绿色金融在森林增汇、减排与价值链升级中作用突出，应发展基于自然的融资机制并完善区域政策体系。《债转发展促进绿色金融创新报告》研究表明，债转发展机制正在成为连接发展融资与气候目标的重要工具，具有在“一带一路”倡议框架下推广的潜力。
综上，本报告通过构建指数、追踪动态、剖析区域与专题议题，为各国制定新形势下的气候应对战略、推动绿色金融国际合作提供了系统参考，也为填补全球绿色金融系统研究空白、解决发展痛点、推动绿色金融全球协同发展奠定了基础。
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