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CommonID:DIR_15776775,ID:5776775,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:172314,name:第一章 城镇是西部大开发的重点,ShortName:null,SubName:null,EnTitle:Chapter One Cities and Towns Are of Vital Importance to the Great Development of the Western Region,EnShortTitle:null,EnSubTitle:null,Level:0,BookId:5776765,AbstractCH:,AbstractEN:,KeyWords:null,EKeyWords:null,SubjectWords:null,LiteratureId:5776776,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b1201502010010325_000_001,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2015-08-03 09:44:44.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2021-11-02 22:50:05.0,HitCount:4,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:5776777,DownCount:3,AuthorInfos:null,BookPublishDate:2002-09-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:城镇是西部大开发的重点,ISBN:7-80149-752-X,BookTitle:西部大开发聚焦在城镇,BookStatus:9,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:城镇是西部大开发的重点,_RowNo:3

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西部地区自然和社会经济条件复杂，推进城镇化，必须走多元城镇化道路，包括农村人口向城镇迁移的多元化、城镇规模扩张的多元化、城镇形态扩张的多元化、城镇化动力的多元化、城镇主导产业选择的多元化等。要处理好人口布局、资源开发、工业化、生态环境保护和建设、城镇布局、城镇规模、农村发展等与城镇化的关系。西部城镇化的主旋律是扩张现有城镇的规模，重点是现有建制市和县城。要注意发挥现有大中城市的辐射和带动作用，梯次推进城镇化，小城镇的发展，只能是整个城镇化进程的一个组成部分。

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CommonID:DIR_15776926,ID:13068310,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:172316,name:第三章 西部地区城镇体系,ShortName:null,SubName:null,EnTitle:Chapter Three The Western Cities and Towns System,EnShortTitle:null,EnSubTitle:null,Level:0,BookId:5776765,AbstractCH:

西部地区城镇体系的空间结构、规模结构和职能结构有其自身的特点。在空间分布上，表现出大分散、小集中；在等级规模上，等级层次鲜明，以小城市为主，大中城市数量少；在城镇职能上，政治职能普遍较强。在组织结构上也存在着诸如城镇数量少，分布密度小，规模结构不完善，总体规模偏小，城镇功能比较单一，经济职能有待强化等问题。西部城镇体系的形成和发展，是一个动态的历史过程，有其自身的特点和规律。西部地区城镇体系发展的宏观构想是：进一步强化中心大城市，积极扶持中小城市，发展重点小城镇；以轴线开发为重点，点轴推进与群体开发相结合，分区实施；逐步建立起以大城市为中心，大中小城市协调发展，分布合理，分工协作，与经济发展和生态环境相适应的城镇体系。

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CommonID:DIR_15777032,ID:5777032,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:172317,name:第四章 西部城镇经济环境建设,ShortName:null,SubName:null,EnTitle:Chapter Four The Economic Environment Building of Western Cities and Towns,EnShortTitle:null,EnSubTitle:null,Level:0,BookId:5776765,AbstractCH:

良好的经济环境对于西部城镇的发展具有关键作用。西部城镇软环境特点是：社会基本稳定，但经济水平较低；市场体制框架已初步确立，但体制改革依然滞后；劳动力低廉，但素质不高；市场规模巨大、开发潜力可观。西部城镇硬环境存在的主要问题是：地方财力弱小、投入不足；市场化难度大；缺乏统一规划，规模效益低。改善西部城镇经济环境必须解放思想，更新观念；转变政府职能、深化管理体制改革；培育市场体系，完善市场机制，实现基础设施投融资的多元化；建立公用事业市场运行机制，树立经营城市观念，实行统筹规划、综合平衡。

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CommonID:DIR_15777096,ID:5777096,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:172318,name:第五章 西部地区城镇产业开发,ShortName:null,SubName:null,EnTitle:Chapter Five The Industry Development of the Western Cities and Towns,EnShortTitle:null,EnSubTitle:null,Level:0,BookId:5776765,AbstractCH:

面对新的国际国内形势，西部地区产业开发要有新思路，实现五个方面的转变。为此要实施中心城市联网辐射与点轴开发相结合，培育“三大经济轴带”，突出城镇产业开发。西部城镇产业结构雷同，弱化了区域分工的作用；产业关联度低，效益低；结构转换能力差，必须正确选择基础产业、支柱产业和主导产业。西部城镇产业开发的重点是，以市场为导向，依托资源优势，发展特色经济，形成新的经济增长点。近期，要大力发展特色农业，发展有比较优势的农产品加工业、能源原材料工业、建筑业和旅游业等，提高产业素质和综合经济实力。

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CommonID:DIR_15777162,ID:5777162,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:172319,name:第六章 西部城镇土地资源开发,ShortName:null,SubName:null,EnTitle:Chapter Six The Land Resources Development of Western Cities and Towns,EnShortTitle:null,EnSubTitle:null,Level:0,BookId:5776765,AbstractCH:

“土地是财富之母”。以每平方米300元计，西部城镇仅建成区国有土地资产即达1.4万亿元。营运好这笔巨额优质国有资产对于促进西部城镇发展具有基础性意义。西部城镇土地开发与西部地区的土地资源特征、耕地保护密切相联，必须对西部地区土地政策进行调整。西部城镇土地开发的重点是提高存量土地利用效率。树立经营城市的观念，加快基础设施建设，从基本层面上看，就是遵循市场经济规律，进行土地制度创新，实现城镇土地的高效开发。西部城镇房地产开发具有重要地位和光明前景。

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CommonID:DIR_15777230,ID:5777230,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:172320,name:第七章 西部城镇人力资源开发,ShortName:null,SubName:null,EnTitle:Chapter Seven Human Resources Development of Western Cities and Towns,EnShortTitle:null,EnSubTitle:null,Level:0,BookId:5776765,AbstractCH:

西部大开发必须以人力资源的开发为基础，而人力资源的开发又是西部大开发的根本目的。开发西部人力资源一是现有劳动力的充分就业，二是人口素质的全面提高。为此，一要构建人力资源自由流动的制度环境；二要构建人力资本形成的机制，包括建立知识技能变现的机制，技术、管理参与利润分配的机制、人力资本投资的激励机制和发挥劳动力市场的作用。三要加大财政支持力度，提高中央和省级占义务教育投资的比重，强化基础教育，推进非义务教育的产业化。四要充分发挥城镇教育中心的功能，优化教育要素的配置。

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西部地区根据自然和社会经济条件的差异性可以分为三大地理单元：西北地区、西南地区和青藏高原地区。西北地区干旱缺水；西南地区山高土少；青藏高原地区高寒缺氧。推进西部城镇化必须因地制宜，针对不同地理单元特点，采取不同的城镇开发战略。

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