明初行政体制改革的逻辑
| 书 名： |
明初行政体制改革的逻辑 |
| 英 文 名： |
THE LOGIC OF ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM REFORM IN THE EARLY MING DYNASTY
|
| 作 者： |
张树旺 著 |
| I S B N： |
978-7-5097-9819-5 |
| 关 键 词： |
思想史 方孝孺 圣人之心 明太祖 君主思想 |
| 出版时间： |
2017年01月 |
中文摘要
本书通过分析方孝孺的殉难过程，认为方孝孺之死与其他壬午殉难者最大的不同之处在于方孝孺是死于固守信念。本书通过考证“是”字与“成仁取义”的内在联系，来证实方孝孺早已坚定了誓死的信念。这是“读书种子”的“圣人之心”在政治专制主义急剧上升时期激烈地批评时政、改造社会的结果。本书还分析了方孝孺所誓死之理想的主要内容，即其君道思想。方孝孺的设君之道是从天人合一处着眼的。他认为人天生就有智力上的差异，这是出现社会不平等的根源。然天意并非如此。天设君为公。所以方孝孺继承儒家传统中的民本论，以民来界定君之职责。他认为君主的职责在于公平、善性等诸价值领域，君权的行使是为了养民，君主不得与民争利。
文章列表
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CommonID:DIR_18043854,ID:8043854,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:212154,name:导言 方孝孺及其时代悲剧,ShortName:,SubName:,EnTitle:,EnShortTitle:,EnSubTitle:,Level:0,BookId:8043846,AbstractCH:方孝孺，字希直，一字希古，号逊志，元末明初浙江台州宁海（今浙江省宁波市宁海县）人，生于元至正十七年（1357），卒于明建文四年（1402），明初著名儒者，明清士儒皆尊其为“正学”和“读书种子”。,AbstractEN:,KeyWords:690282,72152,690283,121015,588180,EKeyWords:683435,26124,690284,116682,690285,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:8043855,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b120161201X20152361001_000_001,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2017-02-22 15:02:21.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2024-12-10 20:12:14.0,HitCount:21,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:8043856,DownCount:3,AuthorInfos:,BookPublishDate:2017-01-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:方孝孺及其时代悲剧,ISBN:978-7-5097-9819-5,BookTitle:明初行政体制改革的逻辑,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:,researchorg:,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:,PrizeLevel:,IsExcellence:N,ContentClass:,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:方孝孺及其时代悲剧,_RowNo:3
CommonID:DIR_18043863,ID:8043863,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:212155,name:第一章 方孝孺之死的思想史意蕴,ShortName:,SubName:,EnTitle:,EnShortTitle:,EnSubTitle:,Level:0,BookId:8043846,AbstractCH:方孝孺殉难是古往今来儒家知识分子“成仁取义”所遭受到的最大的灾难，“古今成仁之祸烈未如此也” 。这一灾难成为方孝孺之后儒家知识分子永恒的话题，蕴含着丰富的思想史资源。朱棣戮杀方孝孺及其家族后，为消除方孝孺在士人中的影响，也为了掩盖自己的恶行，下令 “藏方孝孺文者罪至死”，将方孝孺殉难事件上升为政治忌讳，不许议论、传播。,AbstractEN:,KeyWords:374492,96376,690286,90173,64550,EKeyWords:683435,96378,690287,690288,212685,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:8043864,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b120161201X20152361001_000_002,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2017-02-22 15:02:21.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2024-12-10 20:12:14.0,HitCount:25,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:8043865,DownCount:3,AuthorInfos:,BookPublishDate:2017-01-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:方孝孺之死的思想史意蕴,ISBN:978-7-5097-9819-5,BookTitle:明初行政体制改革的逻辑,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:,researchorg:,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:,PrizeLevel:,IsExcellence:N,ContentClass:,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:方孝孺之死的思想史意蕴,_RowNo:4
CommonID:DIR_18043888,ID:8043888,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:212156,name:第二章 “圣人之心”对现实政治的批判,ShortName:,SubName:,EnTitle:,EnShortTitle:,EnSubTitle:,Level:0,BookId:8043846,AbstractCH:本文通过系统分析明太祖的礼法观念，认定明太祖之所以在明初推行严刑酷法，是因为他援礼入法，将礼刑法化了。方孝孺基于儒家思想和历史传统，认为明太祖尚法的思想根源在于荀学。为了纠正其尚法的倾向，方孝孺提出了圣人之法的概念。他认为圣人之法以人民利益为准，司法以礼乐教化与政刑并重。,AbstractEN:,KeyWords:690276,690277,374492,690289,44274,EKeyWords:690290,690280,683435,65506,383724,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:8043889,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b120161201X20152361001_000_003,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2017-02-22 15:02:22.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2024-12-10 20:12:14.0,HitCount:18,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:8043890,DownCount:3,AuthorInfos:,BookPublishDate:2017-01-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:“圣人之心”对现实政治的批判,ISBN:978-7-5097-9819-5,BookTitle:明初行政体制改革的逻辑,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:,researchorg:,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:,PrizeLevel:,IsExcellence:N,ContentClass:,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:“圣人之心”对现实政治的批判,_RowNo:5
CommonID:DIR_18043912,ID:8043912,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:212157,name:第三章 “天”与“势”对立中的君主论,ShortName:,SubName:,EnTitle:,EnShortTitle:,EnSubTitle:,Level:0,BookId:8043846,AbstractCH:本文主要论述了方孝孺的君主思想的发展、形成过程及主要内容。关于方孝孺君主思想产生的原因，本文以为，是方孝孺由于青年时期受父亲出仕明政权的影响，接受明政权，认真思考明政权的内忧外患，并努力寻找其解决方案。鉴于士大夫不认同明政权，方孝孺研究文官制度与士人心理，提出了改革教育的方案。对于外在元政权的威胁，方孝孺力图转变士人对正统的看法，使其认同明政权的合法性。然而，随着明祖朱元璋家天下私心的逐步暴露，明初四大案恐怖政治的兴起，特别是其父冤死狱中，其师自杀于流放的路上，方氏一族也全被逮捕至京师，，方孝孺深刻地感受到君主政权的私性、残暴，遂思考从理论上提出理想的设君之道与为君之道。,AbstractEN:,KeyWords:374492,690278,79177,29260,3460,EKeyWords:683435,690281,688944,43464,100647,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:8043913,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b120161201X20152361001_000_004,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2017-02-22 15:02:23.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2024-12-10 20:12:14.0,HitCount:15,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:8043914,DownCount:3,AuthorInfos:,BookPublishDate:2017-01-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:“天”与“势”对立中的君主论,ISBN:978-7-5097-9819-5,BookTitle:明初行政体制改革的逻辑,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:,researchorg:,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:,PrizeLevel:,IsExcellence:N,ContentClass:,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:“天”与“势”对立中的君主论,_RowNo:6
CommonID:DIR_18043940,ID:8043940,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:212158,name:第四章 方孝孺对“制约君权”的系统思考,ShortName:,SubName:,EnTitle:,EnShortTitle:,EnSubTitle:,Level:0,BookId:8043846,AbstractCH:本文主要讨论了方孝孺制约君权的思想。通过对君主本性的认识，方孝孺认定君主在政治本性上是自私的。所以，方孝孺通过系统的思考，制定出一系列的办法来限制君主的自私性，以为人民造福。方孝孺限制君主的思想主要由三个部分组成。一是他对革命思想的思考。方孝孺因经过元末明初的农民战争，所以对流血的革命有深刻的认识。他将革命与天命联系起来考察，严格地限定革命的对象、革命的时机、革命的主体。他认为革命是对君主的限制工具，但他又认为革命是在非常时期才可使用的，所以他否认人民具有革命权。二是正统观对君主的限制。方孝孺极其重视历史哲学对君主的限制。他认为君主的本性是自私的，而史官之历史哲学是正义的。,AbstractEN:,KeyWords:374492,690291,353054,31347,690292,EKeyWords:683435,690293,45181,46104,690294,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:8043941,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b120161201X20152361001_000_005,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2017-02-22 15:02:23.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2024-12-10 20:12:14.0,HitCount:15,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:8043942,DownCount:3,AuthorInfos:,BookPublishDate:2017-01-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:方孝孺对“制约君权”的系统思考,ISBN:978-7-5097-9819-5,BookTitle:明初行政体制改革的逻辑,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:,researchorg:,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:,PrizeLevel:,IsExcellence:N,ContentClass:,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:方孝孺对“制约君权”的系统思考,_RowNo:7
CommonID:DIR_18043970,ID:8043970,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:212159,name:第五章 方孝孺对黄宗羲的影响,ShortName:,SubName:,EnTitle:,EnShortTitle:,EnSubTitle:,Level:0,BookId:8043846,AbstractCH:本文通过比较方孝孺与黄宗羲思想的三个方面，以说明方孝孺与黄宗羲思想的亲缘关系。其一，在立君本意上，方孝孺与黄宗羲都认为立君为公为民，对违背君职者进行强烈的批判。方孝孺、黄宗羲批判君主的现实力量在于他们认定人有自私自利的自然权利。其二，他们都认定现实君主的本性是自私的，应该对其进行制约。他们认为臣是与君主共治天下的合作者，臣出仕非为君主而是为天下。治理天下的重心应该放在臣身上。他们都主张复宰相以代表整体行政系统与君主分权。其三，他们都主张在公论的基础上，立法为天下之民，反对代表一家一姓的自私之法。这三点是方孝孺、黄宗羲的共同之处，足以说明方、黄二人思想的亲缘关系。,AbstractEN:,KeyWords:374492,690295,690296,393307,690297,EKeyWords:683435,690298,690299,217944,690300,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:8043971,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b120161201X20152361001_000_006,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2017-02-22 15:02:24.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2024-12-10 20:12:14.0,HitCount:18,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:8043972,DownCount:3,AuthorInfos:,BookPublishDate:2017-01-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:方孝孺对黄宗羲的影响,ISBN:978-7-5097-9819-5,BookTitle:明初行政体制改革的逻辑,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:,researchorg:,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:,PrizeLevel:,IsExcellence:N,ContentClass:,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:方孝孺对黄宗羲的影响,_RowNo:8
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