黑龙江社会发展报告(2019)
书 名: |
黑龙江社会发展报告(2019) |
英 文 名: |
ANNUAL REPORT ON SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF HEILONGJIANG (2019)
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作 者: |
王爱丽 田雨 王欣剑 王建武 张斐男 |
I S B N: |
978-7-5201-4235-9 |
丛 书 名: |
黑龙江蓝皮书
订阅
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关 键 词: |
社会发展 民生发展 黑龙江省 |
出版日期: |
2019-12-01 |
中文摘要
2018年,本书继续以千份随机抽样的民意调查问卷、社科专家调查问卷和党政干部调查问卷为依据,结合社会学理论和研究方法,从学者、专家、党政干部视角对2018年黑龙江省社会发展的诸多问题进行了审视、分析,同时对民生发展的诸多方面包括居民生活、社会保障、就业创业、卫生健康、生态环境、义务教育、科技创新等进行了追踪研究。并针对2018年社会建设中多个焦点问题,如人才流失、养老服务、精准扶贫、社会质量、社会组织发展、妇女地位、志愿者服务、网络舆情、境外投资安全等进行了专题研究。这些研究力图为政府部门全面深入了解省情、科学决策提供智力支持,同时努力为广大读者认识、了解黑龙江社会治理与社会发展提供理性思考。
总报告指出,2018年黑龙江省社会发展呈现九个亮点:城乡居民收入实现双增,消费支出呈现较快增长;登记失业率为18年来最低,就业创业工作成效凸显;扶贫开发提档升级,脱贫攻坚民意评价位居第二;城乡教育资源优化配置,增加学前与特殊教育资源;基层医疗服务能力不断增强,促进基本公共医疗均等化;空气质量为六年来最优,生态环境治理民意评价位居第一;党风廉政建设获得好评,制度性反腐成效凸显;发展环境日益趋向优化,公众满意度提高较快;社会心态整体向好,公平度评价显著提升。2018年黑龙江社会发展也面临八个方面的问题:农业生产成本投入涨幅明显,城乡居民收入绝对差额较大;城镇居民收入全国排名靠后,民生消费压力一时难以缓解;脱贫攻坚缺乏特色产业支撑,扶贫组织难以实现叠加效应;就业市场结构性矛盾突出,公共就业服务信息化水平有待提高;城乡间教育差距依然明显,义务教育均衡发展面临挑战;卫生健康服务滞后于居民多样化需求,分级诊疗就医格局尚未形成;生态环境治理面临可持续性挑战,环境风险的公平性亟待关注;人才成长的体制机制不灵活,民营企业人才短板问题凸显。2019年黑龙江省社会发展的重要任务:一是构建产业扶贫的长效机制,确保2020年脱贫目标如期实现;二是将就业优先置于宏观政策层面,努力推进高质量充分就业;三是深化农村学校管理体制改革,加强城乡义务教育一体化保障;四是完善“固巢留凤、筑巢引凤”制度,把黑龙江籍人才作为人才开发的一个重点;五是明晰政府和社会关系的定位,增强社会治理现代化能力;六是强化生态环境建设可持续机制,努力平衡环境治理三大关系。
本书由28篇研究报告组成,除总报告《迈向高质量的社会发展——2018~2019年黑龙江社会形势分析与展望》外,另有社会调查篇、社会发展篇、社会问题篇和社会治理篇四个部分。其中社会调查篇(6篇)是以千份居民问卷和专家、党政干部各100份问卷为依据,反映了社会各阶层对黑龙江省2018年社会形势及政府工作绩效的判断、评价和期待,同时对廉政建设、优化发展环境以及社会心态做了专题研究;社会发展篇(8篇)包括了对城乡居民生活、社会保障、就业创业、卫生健康、人口发展、生态环境、义务教育和科技创新等方面常年追踪研究的成果;社会问题篇(7篇)涵盖打造旅游强省、人才流失状况、养老服务困境、精准扶贫、社会质量、农村妇女权益保障、农村家庭教育等方面现阶段社会建设面临的新问题;社会治理篇(6篇)包括助残社会组织发展、乡村社会治理、农村妇女参与基层民主自治、志愿者服务、网络舆情传播机制、境外企业投资安全等内容,这些专题研究也反映了当前社会治理现代化面临的新挑战。
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