丝绸之路经济带发展报告（2023）
中文摘要
2022年，全球新冠疫情持续蔓延，国际局势复杂多变。共建“一带一路”经过9年的发展，搭建起广泛参与的国际合作平台，持续展现出强大韧性和旺盛活力，为世界经济复苏注入新动能，成为提振发展信心的希望之路。丝绸之路经济带建设积极践行高质量发展的核心要求，带动内陆地区不断向西开放，中国与周边国家设施联通和贸易畅通水平明显提升，多方面取得可喜进展，成为欧亚合作的重要纽带，为助力新时代构建新发展格局奠定了坚实基础。
2022年是承上启下的一年，中巴经济走廊内涵不断丰富，进入充实、拓展新阶段。新亚欧大陆桥经济走廊作为连接丝绸之路国家重要的经济主干道，在货物贸易、产业合作、文化交流、人才交流方面扎土生根、枝繁叶茂。中欧班列克服新冠疫情与俄乌冲突等不利因素影响，稳步实现运行列次与货运总量的持续提升，开行线路、数量、货运量等主要指标均实现同比增长，创下历史新高。未来，丝绸之路经济带的发展趋势将呈现以下特征：一是丝绸之路经济带国际影响力持续走强；二是中欧班列将开启亚欧陆路运输新征程；三是绿色发展引领丝路经济带发展新方位；四是“心联通”成为丝路文明互鉴的新亮点；五是筑牢风险防控网络是共建丝绸之路经济带的重中之重。
2023年是全面贯彻落实党的二十大精神的开局之年，是实施“十四五”规划承上启下的关键一年。本报告建议：持续推进口岸设施建设，加强线路、节点及货源整合，稳步推进新线路规划建设，提升中欧班列服务质量；面对俄乌冲突，要保持战略定力、提前谋划布局、主动作为应对，确保国家能源安全稳定、加快绿色转型升级、扩大中国在沿线的影响力；以联通应对挑战，于变局中开新局，加快推进绿色丝绸之路、数字丝绸之路建设；加快建设贸易强国，推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展，建议持续以开放平台能效的提升、贸易通道的建设、跨境电商为引领的新业态新模式的提速、服务贸易的全面推动为抓手，促进丝绸之路经济带贸易合作高质量发展；夯实建立丝绸之路经济带西北段建设协调协商机制，加快完善丝绸之路经济带西北段基础设施路网，支持甘肃、宁夏、青海、新疆建立自贸区，统筹西北地区丝路文化旅游资源，将资源优势转换成为产业优势，加强文明交流互鉴。
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