中国ESG投资发展报告（2023）
中文摘要
《中国ESG投资发展报告（2023）》立足于中国背景下准确理解ESG投资的发展方向与路径，梳理和总结了近年来我国ESG投资的特征与趋势，按照总报告、产业篇、专题篇、区域篇的架构，分析了金融业、油气行业、能源电力行业等6个ESG投资热点行业并总结其发展现状和未来趋势，分专题介绍了气候风险背景下的ESG投资、ESG管理对企业竞争力的影响以及ESG评级体系，并专门分析了北京市ESG投资发展现状与监管政策，为推动我国ESG投资理念和实践的发展提供了智库支持。
本报告指出，ESG投资是探索中国式现代化道路、实现经济高质量发展的战略抓手。在人类面对气候变化重大挑战与我国实施碳达峰、碳中和战略背景下，ESG投资理念在我国逐渐加速普及，成为学术界、政府部门以及金融业、能源行业等领域关注重点。近5年来，我国与ESG相关的政策探索和实践创新在不断推进。截至2022年，我国内地已有99家资管机构加入联合国责任投资原则组织（UN PRI），发布ESG相关报告的A股上市公司占比达28.5%，较2021年增长了4.2个百分点；中国人民银行、中国证监会等政策主体相继发布政策，要求建立健全ESG信息披露政策，规范ESG投资行为。在ESG投资蓬勃发展的背景下，多视角探究ESG投资对相关行业、企业和地方的影响及其面临的问题与挑战，对应对气候风险、实现中国式现代化具有重要意义。通过ESG投资推动多产业共同转型，助力企业提升全要素生产力，引导地方完善ESG监管政策体系，代表了未来中国经济高质量发展的努力方向。
但我国的ESG体系建设仍处于初级阶段，把握ESG投资的发展路径至关重要。目前，我国面临由金融领域发轫的投资理念创新如何真正有效地助推实体经济转型升级，特别是如何助推各行各业的企业真正转变投资和运营方式的重要挑战。未来，通过科学把握ESG投资特点，围绕经济高质量发展内在要求，中国必将稳步构建起有力推动中国式现代化的完善的ESG政策体系，并使ESG投资从中国的经济、产业、企业，乃至地方的实际出发，寻求最佳的可持续发展路径。
报告建议，未来要走出一条中国特色的ESG投资发展之路并避免ESG陷阱的风险。首先，为应对气候变化风险需要加强ESG投资在风险评估、风险管理等方面的功能；其次，需要加强ESG政策体系建设与产业实际、潜力和趋势的紧密对接以推动产业结构升级；再次，注重ESG投资政策的地区、行业和性质的差异性；最后，地方应该通过政策创新将ESG投资纳入地方发展的政策体系，并助力ESG投资监管体系的完善。
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