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黑龙江经济发展报告(2016)

书 名: 黑龙江经济发展报告(2016)
英 文 名: ANNUAL REPORT ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF HEILONGJIANG (2016)
作 者:  朱宇 王爱新 王刚 李小丽 笪志刚 马友君
I S B N: 978-7-5097-8623-9
丛 书 名: 黑龙江蓝皮书 订阅
关 键 词:  区域经济发展 研究报告 黑龙江省
出版日期: 2016-01-01

中文摘要

本报告是以黑龙江省社会科学院从事经济学、世界经济、社会以及文化等方面研究的专家学者为主,经过广泛的、细致的深入调查研究后撰写的系列研究报告。

本报告运用定量分析与定性分析相结合、调查研究与统计分析相结合的研究方法,客观描述和深刻分析了黑龙江省当前经济发展遇到的困难和存在的问题,对2016年经济发展趋势进行了分析与预测,并提出了具有前瞻性、可行性的对策建议。

报告指出,2015年黑龙江经济增长逐季回升,但经济下行压力仍然较大。前三季度,黑龙江省地区生产总值实现8790.9亿元,按可比价格计算,比上年同期增长5.5%,增幅比上年同期、一季度和上半年分别快0.3个、0.7个和0.4个百分点,但比全国平均水平低1.4个百分点。第一、第二、第三产业分别实现增加值709.1亿元、3091.9亿元和4989.9亿元,其中,第一、第三产业同比增长5%和10.3%,分别高于全国平均水平1.2个、1.9个百分点;第二产业增长1.1%,低于全国平均水平4.9个百分点。经济增长的“三驾马车”——固定资产投资、社会消费品零售总额、进出口总值增幅均低于全国平均水平与2014年同期水平,其中,社会消费品零售总额、进出口总值分别为5308.1亿元、161.1亿美元,分别比上年同期增长8.7%、-42.0%,这也是黑龙江省经济增长动力不足的主要原因。

报告指出,2015年黑龙江农业经济保持稳步发展,“互联网+”带动新型服务业发展。黑龙江省继续大力实施粮食产能稳定提高工程,2015年粮食作物种植面积稳定在2.1亿亩以上,比上年稳步增加,粮食产量有望实现“十二连增”。随着《黑龙江省“旅游+互联网”行动计划》的出台,通过大力发展旅游业能够加快人流的聚散,极大促进吃、住、行、购物、游乐、文化等相关服务业的发展,互联网促进旅游新业态的发展成为黑龙江旅游经济增长的新动力。

报告指出,2015年黑龙江金融运行总体平稳,涉农贷款快速增长。截至9月末,全省金融机构人民币存款余额与贷款余额分别是20380.8亿元、14981.9亿元,同比分别增长5.1%、18.3%;涉农贷款余额达到6462.7亿元,同比增长21.6%,增速高于全部贷款平均增速3.4个百分点;新增贷款748.5亿元,占全部新增贷款的46.7%。金融机构开展七大类22项农村金融创新产品和服务方式,余额757.1亿元,同比增长81.9%,累计受益农户69.9万户,累计受益企业7990户,新型农业经营主体贷款余额736.9亿元,同比增长10.8%。

报告指出,2015年黑龙江着力推动“大众创业、万众创新”,就业形势总体稳定。前三季度,全省城镇居民人均可支配收入17838元,同比增长7.3%。农村居民人均纯收入7178元,同比增长8.4%,均快于同期GDP增速。居民消费价格总指数同比涨幅1.2%,低于全国0.2个百分点。前三季度,消费品零售总额5308.1亿元,同比增长8.7%。前三季度,公共财政支出完成2595亿元,比上年同期增长18.8%。其中,节能环保财政支出增长85.7%,比上年同期增加84.1个百分点,表现为黑龙江省推进重点节能工程建设,推广先进环保产品,促进环境服务业发展,增加了建筑节能、城镇污水处理设施配套管网建设等方面的投入。省民政厅会同省财政厅下发了《关于着力推进“救急难”综合试点工作的通知》,确定了31个试点地区,是全国试点最多的省份,着力推进以临时救助、重特大疾病救助为主体制度支撑的“救急难”工作,解决好群众突发性、临时性、紧迫性的急难生活保障问题。

报告指出,2015年前三季度,黑龙江省经济增长虽呈现逐季增长态势,但仍处于低速运行,全国排位处于倒数第三。由于结构性矛盾突出,工业中能源工业比重过大,传统产业衰退过快,新兴产业的发育不足以弥补传统产业衰退所留下的缺口,同时,体制性矛盾长期积累,市场在配置资源中起决定性作用的体制尚未建立起来。规模以上工业增加值、固定资产投资、进出口总值、地方财政收入等主要指标增幅同比均在去年下降的基础上继续回落,尤其是地方财政收入与进出口总值下降幅度较大,分别达18.6个、36.1个百分点。多数经济指标在全国排位均处于下游水平,促进经济稳步回升的压力仍然较大。

报告认为,黑龙江省应抢抓“一带一路”战略、“中国制造2025”规划以及东北地区振兴等重大机遇,着重在整体构建支撑可持续发展的多元产业体系和均衡改善民生上寻求更大突破。依据国际、国内宏观经济发展环境,黑龙江省经济增速仍将处于低位运行,且经济下行压力和困难在今后一段时期内仍将存在。应加快推进“中蒙俄经济走廊——龙江陆海丝绸之路经济带”建设,深化改革开放,激发市场活力,加快结构调整,以应对黑龙江省经济发展下行压力,实现全省经济稳步回升。

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