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| 书 名： | 风险灾害危机研究（第四辑） | ||||
| 英 文 名： | Journal of Risk，Disaster & Crisis Research （No.4） | ||||
| 作 者： | 童星 张海波 | ||||
| I S B N： | 978-7-5201-0170-7 | ||||
| 关 键 词： | 社会管理 风险管理 突发事件 公共管理 中国 | ||||
| 出版日期： | 2017-01-01 | ||||
中文摘要
在今天的全球风险社会和中国高风险社会中，风险、灾害、危机管理的重要性已无须多言。如果说风险社会意味着一个时代性的转变，那么人类如何与风险、灾害、危机共生，就是我们这个时代最为重要、紧迫的研究主题。
南京大学社会风险与公共危机管理研究中心一直致力于风险、灾害、危机的跨学科研究，至今已有十年。在这十年中，中国又相继经历了南方雪灾（2008）、汶川地震（2008）、玉树地震（2010）、舟曲泥石流（2011）、温州动车事故（2011）、芦山地震（2013）、鲁甸地震（2014）等重大突发事件，在灾难中前行。在这十年中，伴随着管理实践的进步，我们的研究也在不断发展，从最初的理论引介到跨学科理论框架建构，再到规范的实证研究与积极的政策建言，在探索中发展。目前，南京大学社会风险与公共危机管理研究中心已经是江苏省和南京大学哲学社会科学重点研究基地，也设有社会风险与公共危机管理的二级学科博士点，形成了稳定的研究队伍，承接了一批国家重大、重点研究项目，这些都为我们进一步推动风险灾害危机的跨学科研究奠定了基础。
文章列表
张海波，南京大学政府管理学院教授，博士生导师，南京大学社会风险与公共危机管理研究中心执行主任。
"}},BookPublishDate:2017-01-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:专栏导语：风险灾害危机研究的概念体系,ISBN:978-7-5201-0170-7,BookTitle:风险灾害危机研究（第四辑）,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:专栏导语：风险灾害危机研究的概念体系,_RowNo:3生产能力和生活方式的发展变化促使公众对安全的认识在不断提升和全面化。我们有必要对安全概念进行再认识，使其与社会发展协调同步。通过梳理不同生产力发展阶段安全研究的需求，本文提出了安全概念的“三阶段论”：“否定之否定”的间接定义、基于风险的中间定义、面向韧性建设的直接定义，体现了安全研究随着需求的发展而经历的“事故预防-风险控制-韧性建设”发展过程。通过概念演进的分析，读者能够深入理解安全科学研究的系统建构和实践意义。
,AbstractEN:The development of production capacity and life style promoted the continuous upgrading and comprehensive of the understanding of safety. It is necessary to recognize the concept of safety，so that it is synchronized with the social development. By combing the needs of safety research in the development stage of different productivity，the three-stage theory of safety concept was put forward in this paper，that was indirect concept of the negation of negation，intermediate one based on risk and direct one available to resilience construction. The development process of “accident prevention，risk control and resilience construction”，which was experienced by the development of the demand of safety research，had been embodied. Through the analysis of the evolution of the concept，the system construction and practical significance of safety science research could be deeply understood.
,KeyWords:397421,353239,323731,EKeyWords:172420,119075,323733,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:8127282,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b120170201X20162004001_000_002,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:wanghan,AddTime:2017-03-13 15:07:32.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2023-11-06 14:17:15.0,HitCount:13,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:8127283,DownCount:6,AuthorInfos:{"朱伟":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":null,"Blurb":"朱伟，北京城市系统工程研究中心副研究员。
"},"刘梦婷":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":null,"Blurb":"刘梦婷，北京城市系统工程研究中心助理研究员。
"},"Zhu Wei":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":"","Blurb":""},"Liu Mengting":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":"","Blurb":""}},BookPublishDate:2017-01-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:安全概念再认识：从间接到直接,ISBN:978-7-5201-0170-7,BookTitle:风险灾害危机研究（第四辑）,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:安全概念再认识：从间接到直接,_RowNo:4危机管理研究具有跨学科交叉的特点，对于危机的学术理解和研究视角也不尽相同。公共行政学作为危机管理研究核心学科之一，对危机管理研究有着学科自身的理论逻辑和历史沿革。本文在梳理西方公共行政领域内关于危机管理研究历史的基础上，总结了目前学术界对于危机定义的理解。整体上，笔者将其研究历史划分为三个阶段，而将危机定义划分为个体事件和动态过程，客观标准与主观认知两个维度。
,AbstractEN:The various definitions of crisis are subject to the nature of its interdisciplinary. Public administration as one of the primary disciplines has a theoretical logic and historical development per se. The paper reviews a history of crisis management research in the domain，including three periods in the Western countries since the 1970s. Finally，the term “crisis” is defined from two perspectives：incident—process and fact—perception.
,KeyWords:353240,110884,104983,60568,EKeyWords:353242,140404,64613,32811,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:8127297,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b120170201X20162004001_000_003,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:wanghan,AddTime:2017-03-13 15:07:32.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2023-11-06 14:17:15.0,HitCount:11,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:8127298,DownCount:6,AuthorInfos:{"刘一弘":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":null,"Blurb":"刘一弘，上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院讲师。
"},"Liu Yihong":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":"","Blurb":""}},BookPublishDate:2017-01-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:公共行政学视野下的危机定义研究回顾,ISBN:978-7-5201-0170-7,BookTitle:风险灾害危机研究（第四辑）,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:公共行政学视野下的危机定义研究回顾,_RowNo:5二十世纪后期，灾害抗逆力在社会科学和公共政策领域引起重视。本文通过对灾害抗逆力研究的系统梳理，初步厘清了灾害抗逆力的定义、维度和测量。笔者认为，抗逆力概念的界定具有张力和多维性。从内在构成看，抗逆力可以包括鲁棒性、冗余性、丰富性、快速性四个维度。从作用领域看，抗逆力可以有技术、组织、经济、社会四个维度。灾害抗逆力的测量可以有结构和过程两种方式，其中结构侧重于结构测量的方式，包括系统的多样化、结构的去中心化、组织的网格化，社会资本是抗逆力的结构要素，侧重于过程测量的方式，包括减少产出压力、集体决策或分散决策以及临机决策。综合来看，灾害抗逆力的研究在概念上仍然比较模糊，测量方法和实证研究都有待发展，这是未来抗逆力研究需要克服的难题。
,AbstractEN:People have been paying much attention on disaster resilience in social society and public policy areas since the late twentieth century. In this paper，we did a systematic review of previous disaster resilience studies，and clarified its definition，dimension and measurement. The concept of resilience is tensional and multidimensional. From internal structure perspective，resilience includes robustness，redundancy，abundance and rapidness. From functional perspective，it consists of four dimensions-technology，organization，economy and society. To measure disaster resilience，structure or process method can be used. Diversity of the system，decentralization of the structure，network of the organization，and social capital are four key factors for structure measurement. On the other hand，process measurement includes reducing output pressures，collective，independent and improvisational decision-making. Considering all aspects，the concept of disaster resilience is still unclear and its measurement and realistic research need to be further developed. To tackle these problems will be a challenge in the future.
,KeyWords:353243,39879,397422,EKeyWords:353244,32435,353245,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:8127316,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b120170201X20162004001_000_004,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:wanghan,AddTime:2017-03-13 15:07:33.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2023-11-06 14:17:15.0,HitCount:24,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:8127317,DownCount:6,AuthorInfos:{"王艳":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":null,"Blurb":"王艳，南京大学政府管理学院研究生，研究方向为应急管理。
"},"张海波":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":null,"Blurb":"张海波，南京大学政府管理学院教授，博士生导师，研究方向为应急管理。
"},"Wang Yan":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":"","Blurb":""},"Zhang Haibo":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":"","Blurb":""}},BookPublishDate:2017-01-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:灾害抗逆力：定义、维度和测量,ISBN:978-7-5201-0170-7,BookTitle:风险灾害危机研究（第四辑）,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:灾害抗逆力：定义、维度和测量,_RowNo:6人类学家对地震、干旱、泥石流、洪水、飓风、龙卷风、石油泄漏、火灾、流行病、战争、恐怖主义等自然和人为灾害进行了深入的研究，积累了丰富的研究经验，构建了灾害人类学的理论。本文对地震、干旱和泥石流灾害的人类学研究进行了简要的述评，分析了这些灾种与人类学的核心概念之间的关系，探讨了人类学灾害研究的特点和意义。
,AbstractEN:Anthropologists have conducted detailed research on natural and man-made disasters，including earthquakes，drought，landslides，floods，hurricanes，tornados，oil spills，fire，epidemics，war，and terrorism. They have accumulated abundant research experience and have constructed a large body of anthropological theory on within disaster studies. This paper provides a brief review of anthropological studies on earthquakes，drought and landslides. It also discusses anthropological characteristics of disasters and significance of anthropology in disaster studies.
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"},"Li Yongxiang":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":"","Blurb":""}},BookPublishDate:2017-01-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:地震、干旱和泥石流灾害的人类学研究简述,ISBN:978-7-5201-0170-7,BookTitle:风险灾害危机研究（第四辑）,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:地震、干旱和泥石流灾害的人类学研究简述,_RowNo:7现代城市社区治理的形成和发展有赖于政府的主动推动和公民参与行动的良好合作，目前城市社区治理中的公民参与在我国城市社区建设中受到高度关注。本文在已有研究的基础上，采用案例分析的方法，基于对社区灾害风险评估与管理项目的实证分析，分别从社区治理中公民参与的意愿、方式和社区自组织发挥的作用三个方面进行实证研究，项目开展过程中表现出公民参与率较高、公民的参与动机与利益诉求相关和个体参与为主的特点，最后本文提出加强社区公民参与治理的政策建议。
,AbstractEN:The formation and development of modern urban community governance depends on good cooperation of the initiative promotion of government and citizen participation. Currently，citizen participation in urban community governance is highly concerned in urban community construction. This paper uses the method of case analysis and analyzes the case of urban community disaster risk assessment and management in Shanghai. This paper makes an empirical research from three aspects which are the citizen participation desire and participation mode in community governance，the role of self-organizing community. Then the feature of citizen participation in community governance in this program is analyzed and cultivation of citizen participation in community governance capability is proposed.
,KeyWords:21195,112599,353249,EKeyWords:21179,107987,353250,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:8127350,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b120170201X20162004001_000_006,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:wanghan,AddTime:2017-03-13 15:07:34.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2023-11-06 14:17:15.0,HitCount:26,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:8127351,DownCount:7,AuthorInfos:{"唐桂娟":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":null,"Blurb":"唐桂娟，上海财经大学公共经济与管理学院讲师，研究方向为公共管理、灾害风险管理。
"},"Tang Guijuan":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":"","Blurb":""}},BookPublishDate:2017-01-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:城市社区治理中的公民参与,ISBN:978-7-5201-0170-7,BookTitle:风险灾害危机研究（第四辑）,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:城市社区治理中的公民参与,_RowNo:8经历阪神大地震的冲击之后，日本企业开始在加强自身灾害管理的基础上参与国家灾害管理。基于灾害管理全过程的分析框架，通过对从阪神地震到3·11地震日本企业参与灾害管理的考察发现，日本企业在防灾参与能力、备灾参与能力、应急参与能力和参与重建能力上都有了较大幅度提高，由阪神地震时停留在灾后捐款捐物的低水平向基于灾害管理全过程专业化方向发展。尽管如此，无论从企业自身还是国家相关政策上看，其参与灾害管理能力建设都还存在明显不足。今后努力的方向是，日本政府需要在公共政策体系中完善灾害管理体系中的企业参与制度设计，建立政府、企业与社会三位一体的灾害治理体制机制；日本企业则应以“3·11”地震为契机，进一步强化基于战略优势的参与灾害管理能力建设，使参与灾害管理常态化、专业化、战略化。
,AbstractEN:After the great impact of Han Shin earthquake，Japan’s private sectors（PS）began to participate in the disaster management，which is based on the enforcement of their own disaster management. Based on the analysis framework of the whole process of disaster management and the investigation on private sector involvement in disaster management from Han Shin earthquake to 3·11 earthquake in Japan，the PS’s participation capability has been a significant increase in mitigation，preparedness，response and recovery. During Han Shin Earthquake，Japan’s PS just made donation，but they specialized in developing the whole process of disaster management. However，the disaster involvement still has obvious defects no matter from themselves or from the relevant national policy. From now on，the government has to make great efforts in the formulation of disaster management system of PS，which is contained in the public policy system，building the disaster management mechanism of trinity of government，private sector and civil society. Japan’s PS should make full use of 3·11 earthquake，and do more to strengthen the construction of disaster management based on the strategic advantages，letting the disaster management involvement normalization，specialization and strategizing.
,KeyWords:3152,3593,176944,353251,353252,353253,EKeyWords:3160,58499,39763,353254,353255,353256,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:8127392,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b120170201X20162004001_000_007,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:wanghan,AddTime:2017-03-13 15:07:36.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2023-11-06 14:17:15.0,HitCount:21,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:8127393,DownCount:3,AuthorInfos:{"杨安华":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":null,"Blurb":"杨安华，湖南农业大学公共管理与法学学院、江苏师范大学公共管理学院教授，南京大学博士后。
"},"田一":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":null,"Blurb":"田一，江苏师范大学公共管理学院硕士研究生。
"},"Yang Anhua":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":"","Blurb":""},"Tian Yi":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":"","Blurb":""}},BookPublishDate:2017-01-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:企业参与灾害管理能力发展：从阪神地震到3·11地震的日本探索,ISBN:978-7-5201-0170-7,BookTitle:风险灾害危机研究（第四辑）,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:企业参与灾害管理能力发展：从阪神地震到3·11地震的日本探索,_RowNo:9近年来我国雾霾问题突出且愈演愈烈，四面“霾”伏引起社会广泛关注。雾霾预警机制是雾霾治理当中的重要部分，然而在学界中对于雾霾治理的公共预警机制以及其具体实现途径的研究相对缺乏，本研究将为雾霾预警机制的建立提供指导参考。雾霾治理的公共预警机制由预警信息系统及预控处理系统组成，通过预测信息系统、预测系统、预警指标系统、预警准则、对策系统、预警中心组成运行流程。雾霾治理的公共预警机制实现途径包括建立完善雾霾公共预警工作机制、整合建立预警发布平台、细化预警信息发布指标、理顺预警信息发布流程、确定预警信息发布和传播渠道。最后提出如下建议：建立雾霾治理监测信息系统，进行雾霾污染的脆弱性评估，注重雾霾治理信息互动机制、完善雾霾治理公共预警机制及队伍建设和保障执法有效性。
,AbstractEN:In recent years，haze has become more and more serious，which has called great attention of the society. To establish early warning system for haze is an important way to deal with haze，however，there is lack of study on the establishment and implementation of early warning system for haze. This article tries to give some reference to the establishment of early warning system for haze. Early warning system for haze includes early warning information and early control system. It will make effect through predictive information system，predictive system，early warning indicators and principles，countermeasures and early warning centers. The implementation of public early warning system for haze includes establishing perfect early warning mechanism for work，integrating and setting up publishing platform of early warning information，refining indicators of publishing early warning information，straightening out the procedures for releasing early warning system and selecting proper ways to release and spread early warning information. In the end，the article advocates that we should establish information monitoring system，evaluate the vulnerability of haze pollution，pay attention to the interactive system of governing haze，improve public early warning system and train staff to ensure the effectiveness of law enforcement.
,KeyWords:30334,353257,353258,EKeyWords:100961,353259,353260,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:8127433,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b120170201X20162004001_000_008,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:wanghan,AddTime:2017-03-13 15:07:38.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2023-11-06 14:17:15.0,HitCount:19,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:8127434,DownCount:3,AuthorInfos:{"周利敏":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":null,"Blurb":"周利敏，博士，广州大学公共管理学院副教授，广州大学南方灾害治理研究中心执行主任，复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院博士后。
"},"原伟麒":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":null,"Blurb":"原伟麒，研究生，广州大学公共管理学院学术助理。
"},"Zhou Limin":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":"","Blurb":""},"Yuan Weiqi":{"Address":"","Affiliation":"","Email":"","Role":null,"Photo":"","Blurb":""}},BookPublishDate:2017-01-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:雾霾公共预警机制建构及实现途径,ISBN:978-7-5201-0170-7,BookTitle:风险灾害危机研究（第四辑）,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:雾霾公共预警机制建构及实现途径,_RowNo:10
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