As a key production factor of the digital economy，big data has given birth to the development of the digital economy. This report analyzes the internal relationship between big data and the digital economy；summarizes the development status of the big data field，including the continuous deepening and implementation of policies，the further improvement of laws and regulations，the continuous expansion of industrial development and the scale of the technology system，etc.；The achievements in the field of data application，such as the establishment of data centers，digital government，promotion of digital villages，digital double carbon and other projects；put forward the challenges faced by the development of big data in the context of the digital economy，such as the market for data elements has not yet formed，the core technology of big data is controlled by people，digital Unbalanced economic development，etc.；and summed up countermeasures and suggestions such as accelerating the cultivation of the data element market，accelerating the research and development and application of key technologies of big data，and promoting the balanced development of the digital economy.