Fossil energy has important supporting significance for ensuring China’s energy security and economic security. The results of the resilience assessment of the supply chain of China’s fossil energy industry chain show that the new crown epidemic has caused a certain impact on the supply chain of China’s fossil energy industry chain，but in general，the resilience of the industrial chain supply chain is strong enough；In the specific fossil energy industry chain supply chain，the impact of the new crown epidemic on the downstream is much higher than that of the middle and upper reaches；As the upstream link in the entire industrial chain system，fossil energy is relatively stable when the industrial chain supply chain is affected by the epidemic compared with the products in the middle and lower reaches of the industrial chain system；The risk of fossil energy imports is the highest，especially the impact of the deterioration of geopolitical relations is more likely to affect the stability of the industrial chain supply chain；The stability of the coal industry chain supply chain is much stronger than that of oil and gas，and the stability of the natural gas industry chain supply chain is stronger than that of oil；The resilience of the subdivision of the supply chain of the fossil energy industry chain is：upstream production＞ midstream processing＞ midstream transportation＞ downstream utilization＞ upstream import. The problems affecting its resilience mainly include safety production risks，import risks，transportation risks and industrial coordination risks. To this end，it is necessary to rely on improving the resilience of China’s fossil energy industry chain supply chain，coordinate the relationship between the supporting role of fossil energy in ensuring national energy security and economic security and the leading role in achieving the “double carbon” goal from three aspects，and coordinate to promote high-quality economic development and green and low-carbon energy transformation.