中国法治发展报告No.22（2024）
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中文摘要
2023年是改革开放45周年，也是贯彻落实党的二十大精神开局之年，全面依法治国持续推进，在人民法治、市场法治、平安法治、生态法治、监督法治、数字法治、涉外法治等方面取得显著成绩：立法为民，保障民生，维护人民权益；优化营商环境，推动经济高质量发展；贯彻总体国家安全观，构建新安全格局；健全生态文明制度体系，全面推进美丽中国建设；提升监督效能，建立健全现代化的党和国家法治监督体系；实施网络强国战略，建设数字中国；统筹国内法治和涉外法治，以制度型开放推动更高水平对外开放。
蓝皮书专题梳理了中国在立法、人权保障、犯罪治理、金融法治、在线争议解决、境外民商事裁决的承认与执行等方面的成就。2023年，中国立法始终贯彻全过程人民民主，立法体现总体国家安全观；人权立法体系进一步充实，人权执法保障全面推进，人权司法保障力度显著增强；严重暴力犯罪数量明显下降，犯罪结构呈现明显的轻罪化趋势，公民体感治安持续处于较高水平；金融稳定法立法工作稳步推进，依法化解房地产金融风险、中小金融机构风险、地方债务风险、外汇风险，金融稳定司法机构进一步健全；在线纠纷调解成效显著，类型化市场化推进加快，在线仲裁平台建设加速，常态化智能化显现；境外民商事法院判决、仲裁裁决在中国境内均获得了承认、认可和执行，彰显了中国法院包容、审慎的态度。蓝皮书还对完善政府投资基金监管、规范性文件附带审查、生育支持法治保障、快递业个人信息保护、中国能源法律政策调整提出了具体建议，即加强政府投资基金管理的顶层设计，严格规范基金设立，完善基金内部治理结构；进一步强调规范性文件附带审查制度在司法监督纠错中的重要地位，围绕规范性文件的合法性要求进行制度设计；尽快健全生育相关法律规范体系，促进生育支持事业的法治化，切实保障公民生育权利，促进人口长期高质量均衡发展；承认快递柜行业资本运作行为的合法性，给予快递柜业务一定程度的基础设施地位并推动竞争，在促进互联网产业、快递业发展的基础上对个人信息提供充分的保护；及时出台统领性的能源综合性法律，不断完善能源行业监管体制机制，加强能源制度与碳减排制度的衔接与协调。
本年度“法治蓝皮书”继续推出系列法治指数评估报告。中国社会科学院国家法治指数研究中心项目组以门户网站为依托，继续对全国305家政府的政府透明度、215家法院的司法透明度、210家检察院的检务透明度和72家公安机关的法治建设进行了指数评估，评估结果显示，中国不断深化政务公开、阳光司法，并以公开促规范，法治公安建设取得重大进展。
本年度“法治蓝皮书”还围绕杭州人大数字化司法监督、“枫桥经验”视野下绍兴法治政府建设、衢州礼法融治推出三篇调研报告。杭州市人大充分利用数字化改革成果，首创数字司法监督系统，落实全过程人民民主要求，强化人大监督职能，推进司法改革，助力实现社会“智治”。绍兴坚持和发展新时代“枫桥经验”，以共同富裕制度体系建设行动、营商环境和政务服务便民利企行动、“大综合一体化”行政执法改革行动、行政争议预防化解靶向治理行动、法治意识和法治素养提升行动“五大行动”为牵引推进法治政府建设。衢州“礼法融治”的实践探索层次分明、循序渐进，充分利用传统文化资源优势助推法治建设，构建起社会治理新格局，也为传统文化在发展中创新开辟了新的路径。
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