2025年中国高职生就业报告
| 书 名： |
2025年中国高职生就业报告 |
| 英 文 名： |
CHINESE 3-YEAR VOCATIONAL COLLEGE GRADUATES’ EMPLOYMENT ANNUAL REPORT （2025）
|
| 作 者： |
麦可思研究院 主编; 王伯庆 王梦萍 执行主编 |
| I S B N： |
978-7-5228-5475-5 |
| 丛 书 名： |
|
| 关 键 词： |
高职生 就业选择 数字经济 复合型技能人才 |
| 出版时间： |
2025年06月 |
中文摘要
《2025年中国高职生就业报告》综合分析了2024届高职毕业生的就业状况。基于对应届毕业生及毕业中期的跟踪评价，深入探讨了高职生的毕业去向、就业结构、就业质量、职业发展、升本情况、灵活就业、能力达成及对学校的满意度等多个维度。
2024届高职毕业生规模再创新高，就业形势持续承压，毕业生择业呈现多元化、务实化趋势，毕业去向落实率（88.6%）保持稳定。受经济结构调整与市场竞争加剧影响，受雇就业比例下降至58.5%，灵活就业占比持续上升至9.6%，其中超过三成依托数字平台实现就业。专升本比例稳定在20.7%，体现毕业生升本意愿与职业发展路径的多元化趋势。民营企业/个体岗位持续成为就业主渠道，占比达到73%，五年来毕业生就业满意度提升13个百分点，达到82%，就业心态更趋成熟与务实。
数字经济和新兴产业蓬勃发展，显著推动高职毕业生就业结构调整和岗位升级。高端装备、新能源汽车等领域发展较快，进入装备制造业就业的比例达13.1%，其中从事智能制造、工业机器人操作等新兴技术岗位的占比增加。现代服务业数字化进程加速，信息技术服务业就业比例升至6.3%，零售及文娱领域数字营销岗位占比增多。以人工智能、云计算为代表的数字技术相关岗位已成为高职毕业生就业新亮点，带动毕业生就业质量和岗位层次整体提升。
职业教育专业设置紧跟产业转型需求动态优化。2025年，全国新增专业点7331个，主要集中在高端制造、数字产业和绿色经济领域，其中近半数为职业本科层次，体现出职业教育办学层次的提高及产业适配性的增强。但部分院校专科专业设置存在盲目现象，导致毕业生工作与专业相关度偏低，实习实践环节不足、课程内容陈旧不实用等问题突出，人才培养质量与产业需求匹配度有待提高。
新技术发展持续重塑就业技能需求，对复合型技术技能人才的需求进一步扩大。高职毕业生在综合判断与问题解决、技术创新与迭代设计等高阶技能方面仍存在不足，数字技能培养满足度偏低，制约了就业适配性。针对当前人才培养与产业需求脱节问题，需进一步深化产教融合，加快课程更新和实践教学升级，加强师资建设与数字教学资源开发，推进高职院校“五金”建设提质，全面提升人才培养的适配性与质量，助力高职毕业生实现更高质量就业。
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