中国装备制造业发展报告（2019）
| 书 名： |
中国装备制造业发展报告（2019） |
| 英 文 名： |
REPORT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY IN CHINA （2019）
|
| 作 者： |
徐东华 史仲光 聂秀东机械工业经济管理研究院 |
| I S B N： |
978-7-5201-6237-1 |
| 丛 书 名： |
装备制造业蓝皮书
订阅
|
| 关 键 词： |
制造工业 经济发展 研究报告 中国 |
| 出版日期： |
2020-05-01 |
中文摘要
《中国装备制造业发展报告（2019）》包括总报告、行业篇、区域篇、企业篇和借鉴篇五个部分。总报告介绍了国际装备制造业发展概况，综述了2018年中国装备制造业发展情况，对未来中国装备制造业发展前景进行展望，有针对性地提出了中国装备制造业的发展建议；行业篇包括电工电器、工程机械、仪器仪表、石化装备、工业互联网五个分行业，主要介绍各行业2018年运行基本情况、面临的问题，以及发展形势展望；区域篇重点分析了天津装备制造业的发展形势，并提出对策建议；企业篇介绍了2018年中国制造业上市公司价值创造情况，并发布了中国装备制造业A股上市公司价值创造100强名单；针对技术创新企业，明确提出企业的创新点、具体做法和效果，以给其他装备制造企业提供参考和启示。借鉴篇主要介绍了2018年国际装备制造业的发展情况。
2018年全球制造业增速明显放缓，国际装备制造业主要分布在中国、美国、日本、德国、法国、英国、意大利、韩国等地区，未来发达经济体与新兴经济体在装备制造业领域的竞争将进一步加剧，分工格局将从产业间分工到产业内、产品内分工，创新模式将从单兵作战转向网络协同创新，生产模式将从产品思维转向提供系统解决方案。2018年，我国装备制造业增加值增速放缓，固定资产投资平稳向好，过半数主要产品产量下降，行业平稳运行压力增大；尽管受到中美贸易摩擦影响，2018年我国装备制造业对外贸易仍表现出一定韧性，对外直接投资趋缓，但吸引外商投资的力度不减；2018年，我国装备制造企业积极运用创新引领行业动能转换，研发投入稳步增长，组织化程度进一步提升，科技产出量质齐升。同时，通过研究发现，在经济运行方面，2018年我国装备制造业亏损面扩大，应收账款回收难度较大，市场需求回落，生产成本刚性上升；在技术创新方面，我国装备制造业创新资源分散，产学研用协同不足，基础应用研究实力薄弱，产品工艺性验证缺失，高端装备和关键部件受制于人，推广应用难问题尚未根本解决，研制生产环节存在诸多短板；在产业结构方面，私营装备制造企业盈利能力亟须提高，国有装备制造企业“大而不强”问题突出，军民融合发展水平有待提升；在对外经济方面，中美贸易摩擦对装备制造业产生一定影响，企业“走出去”步伐有所放缓。2019年，影响装备制造业发展的国内外复杂环境没有发生根本改变。困扰装备制造业长期发展的问题并没有得到根本解决，结构调整、转型升级的任务还很艰巨，虽然主要经济指标仍在合理区间，但我国装备制造业仍将承压前行，且面临形势的严峻程度将超过2018年。未来行业在激光、半导体、服务机器人、机器视觉、智能物流、3D打印等领域前景广阔。
本报告提出我国装备制造业要实现高质量发展，一是要增强创新能力，推进产学研协同创新，强化关键共性技术供给，加大产业创新平台扶持力度，提升装备制造发展动力；二是深化产业结构调整，加快传统产业改造升级，促进新兴产业发展，培育先进产业集群，补齐装备制造业发展短板；三是培育优质企业，应深化国有装备制造企业改革，支持民营装备制造企业发展，促进大中小企业融通发展，激发装备制造企业发展活力；四是优化发展环境方面，转变产业政策推动方式，保障土地供应与利用，完善智能基础设施，支持产品质量品牌提升，强化制度保证；五是扩大对外开放，加大外资吸引力度，加强“走出去”和国际产能合作，积极应对中美贸易摩擦，拓展装备制造业发展空间。
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文章列表
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总报告
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行业篇
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企业篇
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借鉴篇
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