中东发展报告No.25（2022～2023）
| 书 名： |
中东发展报告No.25（2022～2023） |
| 英 文 名： |
ANNUAL REPORT ON DEVELOPMENT IN THE MIDDLE EAST No.25 （2022-2023）
|
| 作 者： |
王林聪 刘冬 |
| I S B N： |
978-7-5228-2896-1 |
| 丛 书 名： |
中东黄皮书
订阅
|
| 关 键 词： |
中东 战略自主 “和解潮” 气候变化 可持续发展 |
| 出版日期： |
2024-01-01 |
中文摘要
随着世界进入新的动荡变革期，中东在全球战略竞争中的地位进一步凸显，中东地区也经历着深刻的“历史之变”和“时代之变”，自主、发展、和解成为当前中东地区新变化的三个重要标识。
第一，战略自主是当前中东国家的突出特点。美国在中东地区的战略收缩客观上加快了中东地区大国战略自主步伐。中东国家纷纷谋求摆脱美国等西方大国的控制，自主决定其地区发展进程和国家发展道路。
第二，发展优先已成为中东国家的战略选择。许多中东国家将发展置于优先事项，并通过实施一系列中长期发展规划提升了国家的整体实力，一些国家逐渐摆脱所谓“阿拉伯之春”的剧变旋涡，开始走上恢复发展之路。
第三，谋求和解成为当前中东国家的现实抉择。为创造有利于和平发展的环境，许多国家采取主动行动，降低地区冲突，缓解矛盾纷争，逐渐形成了中东“和解潮”。其中，中国扮演了中东和平缔造者的关键角色，中国通过促成沙伊复交，有力助推中东地区的和平与发展，中国和中东国家关系进一步提质升级，迈入快车道。
第四，中东国家致力于可持续发展，在全球治理中积极作为。2022年11月，《联合国气候变化框架公约》第27次缔约方会议（COP27）在埃及沙姆沙伊赫成功举行，2023年11月，阿联酋主办《联合国气候变化框架公约》第28次缔约方会议（COP28），标志着国际社会高度重视中东地区的气候变化问题和国际气候变化议程进入“中东时刻”，显示了中东国家在全球治理中的影响力不断上升。
与此同时，中东地区发展仍面临一系列严峻挑战，大国竞争趋于激烈，地区动荡跌宕起伏，巴以、叙利亚、也门以及利比亚等热点问题并未改观，一些根本性矛盾和分歧并未缓解，安全风险依然尖锐突出，这些不仅制约了中东国家战略自主能力，也增添了中东“和解潮”的变数，因此，中东地区和平进程仍然具有脆弱性、漫长性和反复性。但是，从长远看，战略自主、团结自强、聚焦发展正成为中东国家的共识，并推动中东地区迎来历史性转机。
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