当代日本报告
中文摘要
二战结束后,美国《生活》杂志刊登了被炸成一片废墟的日本东京的照片,下面写着一行字:“没有技术的民族的末日。”当然更应加写一行字:“违背正义的国家的末日。”
战后日本以推动技术进步为中心,以充满集团意识和敬业精神的企业组织和产业大军为主力,以全民关注教育、崇尚科技的社会价值观为支撑,紧紧地抓住了以科技革命、石油文明兴起、人口年龄结构年轻、有赶超目标、依靠美国军事保护得以集中力量发展经济等为内容的“发展机遇期”,经过战前和战后出生的一两代人的艰苦奋斗,终于在20世纪60年代末,以“一亿总中流”的平等社会姿态成长为西方第二经济大国。
木秀于林,风必摧之。日本成为“世界老二”后,包括自寻的和外来的一系列苦恼随之而来。20世纪80年代日本曾在经济上挑战美国,狂妄地声称要让21世纪成为“日本世纪”,这让战后曾援助日本的美国感到要狠狠整一下“得志便猖狂”的昔日战败国。美国整日本的最厉害一手就是通过打压、诱导、渗透等手段,逼日本政府在金融政策等方面犯错误,让日本政府在重大经济政策上“为美国服务”。
成为“世界老二”后,在日本国内也出现了诸多难题,而很多难题或可归结为“发展为已发展的成果或后果所拖累”。在西方堪称“一枝独秀”的日本经济从90年代后半期开始陷入堪称“一枝独朽”、日趋恶化的财政困境。当今,日本的人口在老化,日本这个国家也在老化,国内政局被缺乏耐心和宽容的媒体及舆论翻云覆雨,在对外关系上则仿佛一个多疑、自私、仰赖护理的老妪。
2011年3月11日,日本东北部海域发生了9级大地震并引发海啸和核泄漏,面对这场空前的灾难,日本人如何重建心理、制度、内外战略和满目疮痍的灾区,人们拭目以待。
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CommonID:DIR_17776017,ID:7776017,SiteID:14,Type:formerAidText,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:207326,name:前言,ShortName:null,SubName:null,EnTitle:null,EnShortTitle:null,EnSubTitle:null,Level:0,BookId:7776013,AbstractCH:null,AbstractEN:null,KeyWords:null,EKeyWords:null,SubjectWords:null,LiteratureId:7776018,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:Y,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:null,XmlID:null,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2017-02-08 11:04:10.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2021-11-03 00:33:18.0,HitCount:0,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:0,DownCount:0,AuthorInfos:null,BookPublishDate:2011-05-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:前言,ISBN:978-7-5097-2224-4,BookTitle:当代日本报告,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:前言,_RowNo:1
CommonID:DIR_17776019,ID:7776019,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:207327,name:第一章 人口问题,ShortName:,SubName:,EnTitle:,EnShortTitle:,EnSubTitle:,Level:0,BookId:7776013,AbstractCH:本文的主题是日本人口问题,日本已成为世界上人口平均寿命最长的国家之一(日本女性平均寿命约86岁,排名世界第一;日本男性平均寿命约80岁,排名世界第五)。这一方面成为日本的骄傲,另一方面也给日本带来各种问题。能不能正确应对老龄化及少子化问题,已经成为日本经济能不能实现可持续发展的关键问题。,AbstractEN:,KeyWords:44824,65240,4479,20832,EKeyWords:81964,65242,405006,30328,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:7776020,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b1201311010010550_000_001,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2017-02-08 11:04:10.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2021-11-03 00:33:18.0,HitCount:12,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:7776021,DownCount:3,AuthorInfos:,BookPublishDate:2011-05-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:人口问题,ISBN:978-7-5097-2224-4,BookTitle:当代日本报告,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:人口问题,_RowNo:2
CommonID:DIR_17776049,ID:7776049,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:207328,name:第二章 移民问题,ShortName:,SubName:,EnTitle:,EnShortTitle:,EnSubTitle:,Level:0,BookId:7776013,AbstractCH:本文的主题是日本移民问题,移民可以分为移出民(emigrant)和移入民(immigrant)。当今日本人谈到移民问题时一般指“移入民”问题。不过,为了深入讨论日本面临的“移入民”问题,不应该忽视日本曾是一个“移出民大国”,至今每年仍有大约七千日本人移居美国。所以,为了客观、公正地讨论日本的移民问题,本文不能不从“移出”和“移入”两个方面回顾和观察一下过去的日本与现在的日本的移民问题。,AbstractEN:,KeyWords:6389,3152,124875,EKeyWords:6393,3160,405010,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:7776050,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b1201311010010550_000_002,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2017-02-08 11:04:10.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2021-11-03 00:33:18.0,HitCount:14,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:7776051,DownCount:10,AuthorInfos:,BookPublishDate:2011-05-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:移民问题,ISBN:978-7-5097-2224-4,BookTitle:当代日本报告,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:移民问题,_RowNo:3
CommonID:DIR_17776068,ID:7776068,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:207329,name:第三章 气候变化,ShortName:,SubName:,EnTitle:,EnShortTitle:,EnSubTitle:,Level:0,BookId:7776013,AbstractCH:本文的主题是日本气候变化,具体内容包括从《气候公约》到坎昆会议中日本的作用,日本温室气体排放状况,世界各国应对气候变化的竞争与合作等。,AbstractEN:,KeyWords:4418,31732,66373,7802,EKeyWords:4851,83682,405013,111272,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:7776069,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b1201311010010550_000_003,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2017-02-08 11:04:11.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2021-11-03 00:33:18.0,HitCount:11,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:7776070,DownCount:3,AuthorInfos:,BookPublishDate:2011-05-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:气候变化,ISBN:978-7-5097-2224-4,BookTitle:当代日本报告,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:气候变化,_RowNo:4
CommonID:DIR_17776087,ID:7776087,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:207330,name:第四章 低碳经济,ShortName:,SubName:,EnTitle:,EnShortTitle:,EnSubTitle:,Level:0,BookId:7776013,AbstractCH:本文的主题是日本低碳经济,在世界各国共同应对全球气候变暖的形势下,“低碳经济”应运而生。其主要内容是:发展低碳能源技术,提高能源利用效率,优化能源结构,建立以资源节约、环境友好的低碳经济和低碳社会的发展模式;在继续发展经济的前提下,通过技术和制度创新,降低能源和资源消耗,最大限度地减少二氧化碳等温室气体及其他气态、液态、固态污染物的排放,以实现大幅度减缓气候变暖、促进人类可持续发展的目标。,AbstractEN:,KeyWords:5726,56056,80775,EKeyWords:27036,405017,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:7776088,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b1201311010010550_000_004,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2017-02-08 11:04:11.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2021-11-03 00:33:18.0,HitCount:18,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:7776089,DownCount:3,AuthorInfos:,BookPublishDate:2011-05-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:低碳经济,ISBN:978-7-5097-2224-4,BookTitle:当代日本报告,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:低碳经济,_RowNo:5
CommonID:DIR_17776111,ID:7776111,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:207331,name:第五章 粮食安全,ShortName:,SubName:,EnTitle:,EnShortTitle:,EnSubTitle:,Level:0,BookId:7776013,AbstractCH:本文的主题是日本粮食安全,具体内容包括日本粮食自给率及其国际比较,从日本农村看粮食自给率偏低的原因,日本人饮食等生活变化对粮食自给率的影响,日本农业问题对中国的启示等。,AbstractEN:,KeyWords:5197,129195,124897,EKeyWords:405019,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:7776112,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b1201311010010550_000_005,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2017-02-08 11:04:12.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2021-11-03 00:33:18.0,HitCount:17,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:7776113,DownCount:6,AuthorInfos:,BookPublishDate:2011-05-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:粮食安全,ISBN:978-7-5097-2224-4,BookTitle:当代日本报告,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:粮食安全,_RowNo:6
CommonID:DIR_17776146,ID:7776146,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:207332,name:第六章 土地问题,ShortName:,SubName:,EnTitle:,EnShortTitle:,EnSubTitle:,Level:0,BookId:7776013,AbstractCH:本文的主题是日本土地问题,本文介绍土地流转在日本的情况,或可供关心土地流转问题的读者参考,当然必须注意中日两国的国情有很大不同,日本农业人口只有252万人,占全国人口比例只有4%,因此,即便允许股份公司进入农业,也不会引起大量失去土地的农民涌入城市乃至涌向国外的“菲律宾现象”。,AbstractEN:,KeyWords:93885,54346,34889,EKeyWords:405021,54348,67162,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:7776147,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b1201311010010550_000_006,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2017-02-08 11:04:13.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2021-11-03 00:33:18.0,HitCount:14,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:7776148,DownCount:3,AuthorInfos:,BookPublishDate:2011-05-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:土地问题,ISBN:978-7-5097-2224-4,BookTitle:当代日本报告,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:土地问题,_RowNo:7
CommonID:DIR_17776170,ID:7776170,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:207333,name:第七章 农协组织,ShortName:,SubName:,EnTitle:,EnShortTitle:,EnSubTitle:,Level:0,BookId:7776013,AbstractCH:本文的主题是日本农协组织,首先介绍了农协诞生和发展的历史,遗迹农协组织现状与特点,接着分析了日本农协的功与过,最后指出农协改革是大势所趋。,AbstractEN:,KeyWords:405023,405024,405026,EKeyWords:405027,405029,405030,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:7776171,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b1201311010010550_000_007,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2017-02-08 11:04:13.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2021-11-03 00:33:18.0,HitCount:5,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:7776172,DownCount:3,AuthorInfos:,BookPublishDate:2011-05-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:农协组织,ISBN:978-7-5097-2224-4,BookTitle:当代日本报告,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:农协组织,_RowNo:8
CommonID:DIR_17776211,ID:7776211,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:207334,name:第八章 技术进步(上),ShortName:,SubName:,EnTitle:,EnShortTitle:,EnSubTitle:,Level:0,BookId:7776013,AbstractCH:本文的主题是日本技术进步,本文依据从1949年至1979年日本科技发展的资料,运用唯物辩证法从社会需要、产业发展、企业间竞争、企业内关系四个层次,对这30年间日本技术进步的进程与机制进行分析。,AbstractEN:,KeyWords:29949,5217,124925,EKeyWords:30769,24315,405031,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:7776212,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b1201311010010550_000_008,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2017-02-08 11:04:14.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2021-11-03 00:33:18.0,HitCount:12,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:7776213,DownCount:3,AuthorInfos:,BookPublishDate:2011-05-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:技术进步(上),ISBN:978-7-5097-2224-4,BookTitle:当代日本报告,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:技术进步(上),_RowNo:9
CommonID:DIR_17776240,ID:7776240,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:207335,name:第九章 技术进步(下),ShortName:,SubName:,EnTitle:,EnShortTitle:,EnSubTitle:,Level:0,BookId:7776013,AbstractCH:本文的主题是日本技术进步(下),首先从制造业分析日本的技术进步,接着指出日本技术进步的主要特点,最后探讨了日本技术进步对我国的启示。,AbstractEN:,KeyWords:29949,405036,4692,EKeyWords:30769,6851,24718,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:7776241,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b1201311010010550_000_009,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2017-02-08 11:04:14.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2021-11-03 00:33:18.0,HitCount:15,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:7776242,DownCount:3,AuthorInfos:,BookPublishDate:2011-05-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:技术进步(下),ISBN:978-7-5097-2224-4,BookTitle:当代日本报告,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:技术进步(下),_RowNo:10
CommonID:DIR_17776282,ID:7776282,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:207336,name:第十章 政局变化,ShortName:,SubName:,EnTitle:,EnShortTitle:,EnSubTitle:,Level:0,BookId:7776013,AbstractCH:本文的主题是日本政局变化,具体分析了如下内容:1993年与2009年两次大选的比较,民主党与自民党的“共性”与“个性”,大地震后的日本政局等。,AbstractEN:,KeyWords:173333,124936,80324,EKeyWords:108039,405038,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:7776283,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b1201311010010550_000_010,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2017-02-08 11:04:15.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2021-11-03 00:33:18.0,HitCount:6,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:7776284,DownCount:3,AuthorInfos:,BookPublishDate:2011-05-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:政局变化,ISBN:978-7-5097-2224-4,BookTitle:当代日本报告,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:政局变化,_RowNo:11
CommonID:DIR_17776301,ID:7776301,SiteID:14,Type:chapter,Code:null,ParentId:0,InnerCode:207337,name:第十一章 改革开放以来的中日关系,ShortName:,SubName:,EnTitle:,EnShortTitle:,EnSubTitle:,Level:0,BookId:7776013,AbstractCH:本文的主题是改革开放以来的中日关系,本文通过回顾20世纪70年代末中国改革开放以来的中日关系,清理一下中日关系是如何从20世纪70年代末至80年代的所谓“蜜月外交”时期走到今天这样的令人担忧的局面的,重温中国领导人一再指出的中日两国“和则两利,斗则俱伤”的真理,有助于人们展望整个21世纪中日关系的发展前景。,AbstractEN:,KeyWords:4246,182469,199864,EKeyWords:80005,402687,199866,SubjectWords:,LiteratureId:7776302,Fileref:null,OrderFlag:0,IsLeaf:N,PubDate:null,FindDate:null,IssueDate:null,DocType:null,ProductSeries:null,Doi:null,InstanceID:0,MinNodeSearch:Y,XmlID:b1201311010010550_000_011,Prop1:null,Prop2:null,Prop3:null,prop4:null,AddUser:admin,AddTime:2017-02-08 11:04:16.0,ModifyUser:Admin,ModifyTime:2021-11-03 00:33:18.0,HitCount:24,ShowType:putong,LogoID:0,PdfID:7776303,DownCount:6,AuthorInfos:,BookPublishDate:2011-05-01 00:00:00.0,SearchTitle:改革开放以来的中日关系,ISBN:978-7-5097-2224-4,BookTitle:当代日本报告,BookStatus:7,AllowDownload:Y,BookVersionNum:null,researchorg:null,CopyRightDate:null,ExcellentPeriod:null,PrizeLevel:null,IsExcellence:null,ContentClass:null,IsDisabled:N,SearchTitle_2:改革开放以来的中日关系,_RowNo:12
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