Since the end of the Cold War，the market mechanism has been proved to be valid by theories and experience. As a basic component of the society today，the market economy has become a universal value system and regime. The role played today by corporations，which are the principal part of the market economy，in the economic development was played exclusively by government in the past. Furthermore，in the process of globalization，the developing role played by corporations has been continuously reinforced by the globalizing economic structure in the context where the market economy is emphasized，commercial control is liberalized，state-owned enterprises are privatized，national barriers are lifted，and world trade and investment are expanded. But there is an inevitable concomitant problem of how to define and realize human rights in the economic development in the context of market economy and free trade. This problem has become the most prominent and prevalent social problem in China’s economic transformation period.