2023年中国本科生就业报告
| 书 名： |
2023年中国本科生就业报告 |
| 英 文 名： |
CHINESE 4-YEAR COLLEGE GRADUATES’ EMPLOYMENT ANNUAL REPORT （2023）
|
| 作 者： |
麦可思研究院 王伯庆 王梦萍 |
| I S B N： |
978-7-5228-1799-6 |
| 丛 书 名： |
就业蓝皮书
订阅
|
| 关 键 词： |
本科生 就业结构 职业发展 |
| 出版日期： |
2023-06-01 |
中文摘要
《2023年中国本科生就业报告》由1篇总报告、9篇分报告、2篇专题报告及附录构成，对本科生毕业去向、就业结构、就业质量、职业发展、升学情况、灵活就业、能力达成、对学校的满意度等状况进行深入分析。分析基于应届毕业生和毕业中期跟踪评价。
本报告对2022届本科毕业生的毕业去向和就业结果进行了分析。分析显示，2022年全国高校应届毕业生规模首次突破1000万人，面临较大的就业压力，多重超预期因素给应届本科毕业生的就业带来了困难，虽然硕士研究生扩招一定程度上缓解了当前部分就业压力，但读研后的就业压力也已逐渐显现。2022年，装备制造、能源供应、基础设施建设等行业依然在就业市场中起到“压舱石”的作用；民营制造企业在吸纳毕业生就业方面发挥着重要作用；长三角、珠三角地区凭借较强的产业实力和活跃的民营经济，为本地和外地高校毕业生均提供了更多就业机会。数字技术的发展不断催生新产业和新业态，毕业生在工业互联网、大数据、云计算、人工智能等新兴领域的从业比例逐年上升。此外，分析还显示，就业难使得更多人选择通过读研延缓进入竞争激烈的工作市场；公务员招录人数持续增加，更多应届本科毕业生选择不工作而备考公务员，留学归国人员和毕业研究生也更倾向于加入公务员队伍，就业求稳心态更加明显，“慢就业”成为新趋势。
报告同时深入分析了本科毕业生的就业质量与职业发展状况。分析显示，应届本科毕业生的薪资水平稳步提升，数字经济核心产业如软件开发、智能设备制造、集成电路和信息基础设施等领域薪资表现突出；与新能源汽车、新材料和绿色低碳等产业相关的专业薪资增长较快；在毕业五年后，毕业生薪资平均达到毕业时的2.2倍。本科毕业生的就业满意度持续上升，这得益于国家和地方的一系列就业优先政策落实以及高校线上、线下就业指导服务模式的不断完善。随着工作经验的积累，毕业生在薪资增长的同时，职位及工作职责也得到相应提升，工作内容更趋于多元化；此外，毕业生职场的稳定性有所提高，但高压工作环境导致的离职人数增多，对职场健康发展问题需给予更多关注。
本报告还对本科毕业生的能力达成情况及对学校满意度进行了深入分析。分析显示，应届本科毕业生能力达成效果不断提升，其中理解与交流能力表现较为优秀。然而，针对数字经济的快速发展和产业数字化转型，随着技术迭代和工作岗位的快速更替，毕业生在创造力、解决复杂问题、主动学习等能力方面，以及信息素养和数字技能方面仍有待加强。毕业生对学校教学、学生工作和就业指导等方面的满意度逐年攀升，校园内各项学习和生活设施对其成长和成才过程的支持力度不断增强。同时，分析还显示，随着产业优化升级的深入推进，本科培养环节亦需相应完善，尤其要关注课程内容的调整和更新。对于近年来新兴的战略产业相关专业，更需关注培养环节的持续改进效果。
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总报告
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分报告
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专题报告
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附录 技术报告
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