印度洋地区发展报告（2015）
书 名： 印度洋地区发展报告（2015）
英 文 名： ANNUAL REPORT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDIAN OCEAN REGION （2015）
作 者： 吴建民 汪戎 朱翠萍
I S B N： 978-7-5097-7464-9
丛 书 名：
印度洋地区蓝皮书
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关 键 词： 国际合作 区域经济合作 研究报告 南亚
出版日期： 2015-05-01
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中文摘要
在世界经济持续低迷、金融市场动荡加剧、经济一体化加速发展的背景下，尽管国与国之间越来越高的相互依存度意味着“和则两利、斗则两败俱伤”，但是大国博弈挑动地缘战略竞争，导致国际关系从未像今天这样复杂多变。事实上，世界任何时候都不缺乏前进的动力，缺乏的只是不同时代和不同发展阶段促进经济增长所需要的新的合作理念与合作机制。
2013年9月初，习近平主席在访问哈萨克斯坦时提出建设“丝绸之路经济带”，10月初访问印度尼西亚时又提出构建“21世纪海上丝绸之路”。“一带一路”两大战略构想自2013年提出，历经2014年的全面部署，于2015年进入了全面推进和建设阶段。
“21世纪海上丝绸之路”战略基于“和而不同”“包容性发展”的合作理念以及“利己利人”“己所不欲，勿施于人”的义利观，秉持“开放合作、和谐包容、市场运作和互利共赢”的基本原则，始终把“务实”“共建”放在首位，使中国与“21世纪海上丝绸之路”沿线国家组成一个“交响乐团”，每个“乐手”都基于各自的比较优势和竞争优势而充分发挥协同作用，基于“共商”达成共识，基于“共建”形成合力，最终实现与沿线各国“政策沟通、道路联通、贸易畅通、货币流通、民心相通”。
从合作机制上讲，“21世纪海上丝绸之路”可以被视作通过互联互通建设，形成亚洲一体化生产网络的一种主动尝试。其推进方式是通过加强中国与沿线国家的合作，共同开展港口基础设施建设，拉动沿线各国腹地产业发展与产业升级，加快沿线国家之间的贸易自由化和投资便利化，并通过进一步合作，深化亚洲产业内贸易和产品间贸易的国际分工与合作，提升参与者在全球价值链中的相对位置，促进区域乃至全球供应链、产业链和价值链的深度融合。“21世纪海上丝绸之路”虽然是一个区域合作机制，强调域内国家的共同获利和共同安全，但也欢迎所有域外国家积极参与，“共商、共建、共享”区域经济增长的“红利”，其最终目标是打造政治互信、经济融合、文化包容的利益共同体、命运共同体和责任共同体。简单地说，这一地缘经济战略由无数的经济合作项目构成，但在规划和实施过程中会受到政治因素和安全因素的影响。因此，必须把外交、经济、文化等作为一个有机的整体，积极、主动地谋划，渐进、谨慎地实施，这也是全球化时代所赋予的特征。
没有永远的朋友，只有永恒的利益。可以肯定，最终能将遥远的国家或地区结合在一起的，一定是经济利益。因此，从长远来看，“21世纪海上丝绸之路”对地缘经济利益诉求比对地缘政治利益诉求更具有现实意义。
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